Piriformis muscle injections provide diagnostic information and therapeutic relief for those suffering with piriformis syndrome. Common conditions for which this procedure is used include piriformis muscle spasm and inflammation.
Arriving at the diagnosis of piriformis muscle injection requires a thorough history, physical exam, and the exclusion of more common diagnoses, including lumbar stenosis, lumbar radiculopathy, lumbar facet joint arthritis, sacroiliac (SI) joint dysfunction, trochanteric bursitis, and myofascial pain syndrome.
Treatment for piriformis syndrome includes physical therapy, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications, analgesics, and muscle relaxants. Leg length discrepancies and abnormal biomechanics and posture should be corrected. If these therapies are unsuccessful, you may be a candidate for an injection of steroid into the muscle. Surgery may be an option if there is a documented abnormality of the piriformis muscle.
To help ensure safety and accuracy, piriformis muscle injections are performed under live fluoroscopic guidance.
Potential risks — although very low — include infection, bleeding, allergic reaction, and prolonged increases in pain. Your Center for Pain Management physician will use sterile techniques and x-ray guidance throughout the procedure reduce the risks and nerve damage.
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